Яндекс.Метрика

Tuesday, December 29, 2015

Cordoba

Córdoba (/ˈkɔrdəbə/Spanish: [ˈkoɾðoβa]), also called Cordova (/ˈkɔrdəvə/) in English, is a city in Andalusia, southern Spain, and the capital of the province of Córdoba. It was conquered by invading Islamic armies in the eighth century. Qurṭubah (قرطبة) then became the capital of the Islamic Emirate and then Caliphate of Córdoba, including most of the Iberian Peninsula.
It has been estimated that in the 10th century Córdoba was the most populous city in the world, and under the rule of Caliph Al Hakam II it had also become a centre for education under its Islamic rulers. Al Hakam IIopened many libraries in addition to the many medical schools and universities which existed at this time. During these centuries Córdoba became a predominantly Muslim society with minorities living in a restricted second-class status. Today it is a moderately sized modern city; its population in 2011 was about 330,000. The historic centre was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Ко́рдова (исп. Córdoba [ˈkorðoβa]) — старинный город в Андалусии, столица провинции Кордова. Расположен на склоне отрога Сьерры-Морены на правом берегу Гвадалквивира в плодородной и очень жаркой местности. Кордова основана во времена господства Рима.
Сегодня Кордова — современный город средних размеров с населением 321 тыс. человек. В Старом городе сохранилось много исторических памятников эпохи расцвета столицы Кордовского халифата, занимавшего почти весь Иберийский полуостров.
С 756 была столицей Кордовского эмирата, а с 929 — Кордовского халифата. В X в. достигла своего расцвета, стала одним из центров просвещения и наук, когда имела до 1 млн жителей, множество дворцовмечетейкараван-сараев и была центром арабской науки, поэзии и искусства. С распадом в 1031 Кордовского халифата Кордова сохраняла самостоятельность лишь до 1070, когда была подчинена эмиром Севильи. В период Реконкисты Кордова в 1236 году перешла под власть кастильского короля, Фердинанда III и историческая судьба её переплелась с судьбами Кастилии, а затем Испании.

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